Comparing the Leadership Structures of Iran and Turkey — And How They Shape National Policy

In the Middle East, two nations stand out for their political influence, distinct governance models, and bold foreign policies: Iran and Turkey. Both countries are regional powerhouses, rich in history, culture, and geopolitical importance. Yet their leadership structures couldn’t be more different, and those differences have a direct impact on how policies are made — from the economy and education to diplomacy and national security.